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Cytarabine

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Definition: A pyrimidine nucleoside analog that is used mainly in the treatment of leukemia, especially acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia. Cytarabine is an antimetabolite antineoplastic agent that inhibits the synthesis of DNA. Its actions are specific for the S phase of the cell cycle. It also has antiviral and immunosuppressant properties. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p472)     
Pharmacological Action Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; Antiviral Agents; Immunosuppressive Agents
Examples Ancitabine 		Other names Cytosine Arabinoside; Arabinosylcytosine; Arabinofuranosylcytosine; Ara-C; Hydrochloride, Cytarabine; CytosarU; Cytosar U; Arabinoside, Cytosine; beta-Ara C; Cytosar-U; Cytosar; Cytonal; Cytarabine Hydrochloride; Aracytine; AracytidineDrugs* : CYTARABINE; CYTOSAR-U; DEPOCYT
 
SubstanceCAS Registry & nameCategoriesSourceDrugs*
1-(2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-arabinofuranosyl)cytosine  0   Cytarabine/*analogs & derivatives Fluorine Radioisotopes. J Nucl Med. 2012 Feb;53(2):275-80.
n-squalenoyl-cytarabine  0   Cytarabine/*analogs & derivatives Squalene/*analogs & derivatives. Int J Pharm 2011 Mar 15;406(1-2):69-77
(18F)1-(2'-deoxy-2'-arabinofuranosyl)cytosine  0   Cytarabine/*analogs & derivatives Radiopharmaceuticals. Gastroenterology. 2010 Apr;138(4):1266-75
(99m)Tc-N4-(hydrazinonicotinoyl)-1-beta-arabinofuranosyl cytosine  0   *Organotechnetium Compounds Cytarabine/*analogs & derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2009 Aug 15;19(16):4764-7
2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-4'-selenoarabinofuranosylcytosine  0   *Organoselenium Compounds Cytarabine/*analogs & derivatives. J Med Chem 2009 Sep 10;52(17):5303-6
HAD protocol  0   *Cytarabine *Daunorubicin *Harringtonines Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols. Am J Hematol 2009 Jul;84(7):422-7
1-beta-4-selenoarabinofuranosyl cytosine  0   *Organoselenium Compounds Cytarabine/*analogs & derivatives. Nucleic Acids Symp Ser (Oxf) 2008;(52):639-40
4'-azidoarabinocytidine  0   Cytarabine/*analogs & derivatives. J Med Chem 2009 Jan 8;52(1):219-23
EORTC GIMEMA AML-13 protocol  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Cytarabine Etoposide Mitoxantrone Idarubicin. Haematologica 2007 May;92(5):605-11
EORTC GIMEMA AML-10 protocol  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Cytarabine Daunorubicin Etoposide Mitoxantrone Idarubicin. Haematologica 2007 May;92(5):605-11
LPA97R protocol  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Cytarabine Etoposide Mitoxantrone Tretinoin. Leukemia 2007 Mar;21(3):446-52
MRC AML 10 protocol  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Amsacrine Cytarabine Daunorubicin Etoposide Mitoxantrone. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2007 Mar;48(3):262-7
POG-8498 protocol  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Azacitidine Cytarabine Daunorubicin Etoposide Methotrexate Prednisone Thioguanine Vincristine 6-Mercaptopurine. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2007 Mar;48(3):262-7
5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridylyl-(3'-5')-arabinocytidine  0   Cytarabine/*analogs & derivatives Floxuridine/*analogs & derivatives. Differentiation 2006 Dec;74(9-10):488-98
L-valyl-ara-C  0   Cytarabine/*analogs & derivatives. J Pharm Pharmacol 2006 Jul;58(7):927-32
MATILDE regimen  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Cytarabine Methotrexate Thiotepa Idarubicin. Neurology 2006 May 9;66(9):1435-8
4-amino-1-(5-O-(2-oxo-4-(4-pyridyl)-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinan-2-yl)arabinofuranosyl)-2(1H)-pyrimidinone  0   Cytarabine/*analogs & derivatives. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2005 Feb;312(2):554-60
ALL-BFM-95 protocol  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Asparaginase Cyclophosphamide Cytarabine Daunorubicin Prednisolone Vincristine 6-Mercaptopurine. Orv Hetil. 2005 Jan 9;146(2):75-80
PETHEMA ALL-3-97 protocol  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Leucovorin Cyclophosphamide Cytarabine Dexamethasone Etoposide Ifosfamide Methotrexate Prednisone Vincristine. Leuk Lymphoma 2003 Sep;44(9):1541-3
AML91 protocol  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Cytarabine Daunorubicin Deoxyadenosines Etoposide. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2003 Sep;25(9):696-703
CAT-G protocol  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Cyclophosphamide Cytarabine Topotecan. Bone Marrow Transplant 2002 Dec;30(12):975-8
VABA protocol  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Amsacrine Betamethasone Cytarabine Vincristine. Bone Marrow Transplant 2002 Dec;30(12):971-3
MEA protocol  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Cytarabine Etoposide Mitoxantrone. Bone Marrow Transplant 2002 Dec;30(12):971-3
ABCDV protocol  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Betamethasone Daunorubicin Cyclophosphamide Cytarabine Vincristine. Bone Marrow Transplant 2002 Dec;30(12):971-3
ALL-85 protocol  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Cytarabine Dexamethasone Etoposide Methotrexate Teniposide Vincristine 6-Mercaptopurine/analogs & derivatives. Leuk Res 2003 Jan;27(1):45-50
ALL-82 protocol  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Cytarabine Doxorubicin Methotrexate Teniposide 6-Mercaptopurine/analogs & derivatives. Leuk Res 2003 Jan;27(1):45-50
HDAC protocol  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Cytarabine Daunorubicin. Blood 2002 Dec 15;100(13):4325-36
G-IDEA protocol  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Cytarabine Dexamethasone Etoposide Ifosfamide. Transfusion 2002 Nov;42(11):1514-22
Berlin-Frankfurt-Muenster protocol II  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Asparaginase Cyclophosphamide Cytarabine Dexamethasone Doxorubicin Thioguanine Vincristine. Blood 2002 Jul 15;100(2):420-6
ESHAP regimen, modified  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Cisplatin Cytarabine Dexamethasone Etoposide. Int J Hematol 2002 Jan 75(1):111-2
DHAOx protocol  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Cytarabine Dexamethasone Organoplatinum Compounds. Ann Oncol 2001 Oct;12(10):1439-43
ANLL91 protocol  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Cytarabine Etoposide. Blood 2001 Dec 15;98(13):3589-94
BHAC-AMP protocol  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Cytarabine/analogs & derivatives Prednisolone 6-Mercaptopurine Aclarubicin. Int J Hematol 2001 Jul;74(1):53-7
MAC chemotherapy protocol  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Cytarabine Mitoxantrone. Blood 2001 Sep 1;98(5):1302-11
MECA protocol  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Cytarabine Etoposide Mitoxantrone Carboplatin. Leuk Lymphoma 2000 Nov;39(5-6):613-24
TGAP protocol  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Asparaginase Cytarabine Polyethylene Glycols Thioguanine. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2001 Aug;48(2):123-33
ADA protocol  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Asparaginase Cytarabine Daunorubicin. Leukemia 2001 Jun;15(6):898-902
MIFAP regimen  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Cisplatin Cytarabine Mitoxantrone Vidarabine/analogs & derivatives. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2001;127(6):387-95
LMB89 protocol  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Leucovorin Cyclophosphamide Cytarabine Doxorubicin Etoposide Hydrocortisone Methotrexate Prednisone Vincristine. Blood 2001 Jun 1;97(11):3370-9
CLAG protocol  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Cytarabine Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Cladribine. Leuk Lymphoma. 2000 Sep;39(1-2):121-9
TA protocol  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Cytarabine Topotecan. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2000;922:326-9
TAM protocol  0   Mitoxantrone *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Cytarabine Topotecan. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2000;922:326-9
CAT combination  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Cyclophosphamide Cytarabine Topotecan. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2000;922:247-59
MiCMA protocol  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Cytarabine Methylprednisolone Mitoxantrone Carboplatin. Ann Oncol. 2000 Jul;11(7):867-71
2'-deoxy-5-fluorouridylyl-(5'-5')-N(4)-octadecyl-1-arabinofuranosylcytosine  0   Cytarabine/*analogs & derivatives Fluorodeoxyuridylate/*analogs & derivatives. Prostate. 2000 Sep 15;45(1):8-18
FLUDAP protocol  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Vidarabine Phosphate/analogs & derivatives Cisplatin Cytarabine Dexamethasone. Leuk Lymphoma 2000 Apr;37(3-4):309-17
CAG protocol  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Cytarabine Aclarubicin Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor. Int J Hematol 2000 Apr;71(3):238-44
FLAM regimen  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Cytarabine Mitoxantrone Vidarabine/analogs & derivatives. Cancer 1999 Dec 1;86(11):2246-51
Ida-FLAG protocol  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Cytarabine Vidarabine/*analogs & derivatives Idarubicin Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor. Ann Hematol 1999 Sep;78(9):418-25
HCVAD protocol  0   Cytarabine *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Cyclophosphamide Dexamethasone Doxorubicin Methotrexate Vincristine. Clin Cancer Res 1999 Sep;5(9):2491-7
elaidic acid-cytarabine  0   *Fatty Acids, Unsaturated Cytarabine/*analogs & derivatives. Caner Res 1999 Jun 15;59(12):2944-49
GEMIA protocol  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Cytarabine Etoposide Mitoxantrone. Haematologica 1999 Mar;84(3):226-30
GIMEMA ALL 0394  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Cytarabine Etoposide Idarubicin. Haematologica 1999 Mar;84(3):222-5
CHASE protocol  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Cyclophosphamide Cytarabine Dexamethasone Etoposide. RinshoKetsueki 1998 Nov;39(11):1121-5
1-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-4-thio-arabinofuranosyl)cytosine  0   Cytarabine/*analogs & derivatives. Cancer Lett 1998 Jul 3;129(1):103-10
aracytidine-5'-hexadecylphosphonophosphate  0   Cytarabine/*analogs & derivatives. J Lipid Res 1998 Jan;39(1):162-72
DHACT protocol  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Cytarabine Dexamethasone Teniposide Carboplatin. Chung Hua Chung Liu Tsa Chih 1996 Nov;18(6):471-5
MLL-93 protocol  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Asparaginase Leucovorin Cyclophosphamide Cytarabine Dexamethasone Etoposide Hydrocortisone Hydroxyurea Methotrexate Mitoxantrone. Leuk Res 1997 Sep;21(9):811-5
AML92 protocol  0   Tretinoin *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Cytarabine/analogs & derivatives Daunorubicin. Blood 1995 Mar 1;85(5):1202-6
POG 8602 protocol  0   *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Asparaginase Cytarabine Hydrocortisone Methotrexate Prednisone Vincristine 6-Mercaptopurine. Blood 1990 Jul 1;76(1):117-22
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Sources: NLM Medical Subject Headings, NIH UMLS, Drugs@FDA, FDA AERS original data copyright United States Government. No endorsement implied. Last modified 6/6/2012
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