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Proinsulin

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Definition: A pancreatic polypeptide of about 110 amino acids, depending on the species, that is the precursor of insulin. Proinsulin, produced by the PANCREATIC BETA CELLS, is comprised sequentially of the N-terminal B-chain, the proteolytically removable connecting C-peptide, and the C-terminal A-chain. It also contains three disulfide bonds, two between A-chain and B-chain. After cleavage at two locations, insulin and C-peptide are the secreted products. Intact proinsulin with low bioactivity also is secreted in small amounts.     
Examples C-Peptide; Insulin
 
SubstanceCAS Registry & nameCategoriesSourceDrugs*
9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl-arginyl-glycyl-isoleucyl-valyl-glutamyl-glutaminyl-cysteinyl-cysteinyl-threonyl-serine  0   *Peptide Fragments *Proinsulin. Vaccine 2003 Sep 8;21(25-26):3638-46
methionyl-lysylproinsulin  0   *Proinsulin. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 1999 Feb;76(2):107-13
proinsulin, des(Lys(64),Arg(65))  0   *Peptide Fragments *Proinsulin. Diabete Metab 1993 Nov-Dec;19(6):582-5
(A-C-B) human proinsulin  147953-50-2   *Proinsulin. J Biol Chem 1992;267(1):419
proinsulin, des(31,32)  0   *Proinsulin. Diabetologia 1991;34(3):202
miniproinsulin  127279-05-4   *Proinsulin. Biochemistry 1989;28(10):4427
proinsulin, des-(23-63)  101962-68-9   *Peptide Fragments *Proinsulin. Biochem J 1986;234(3):665
proinsulin (46-70)  89760-24-7 L-Glutamine, N-(triphenylmethyl)glycylglycyl-L-prolylglycyl-L-alanylglycyl-O-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-L-seryl-L-leucyl-L-glutaminyl-L-prolyl-L-leucyl-L-alanyl-L-leucyl-L-alpha-glutamylglycyl-O-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-L-s(2S-trans)  *Peptide Fragments *Proinsulin. Hoppe Seylers Z Physiol Chem 1983;364(11):1603
proinsulin-E. coli tryptophan E chimeric polypeptide  0   *Proinsulin *Recombinant Fusion Proteins. Eur J Cell Biol 1983;31(2):171
N-(epsilon29),N-(epsilon59)-bis(methylsulfonylethoxycarbonyl)proinsulin  75301-50-7 Proinsulin, 29-(N(6)-((2-(methylsulfonyl)ethoxy)carbonyl)-L-lysine)-59-(N(6)-((2-(methylsulfonyl)ethoxy)carbonyl)-L-lysine)  *Proinsulin. Hoppe Seylers Z Physiol Chem 1980;361(5):723
anti-proinsulin antibodies  0   *Insulin Antibodies Proinsulin/immunology. Acta Diabetol Lat 1980 1979;16(4):339
des(1-21)preproinsulin  72348-41-5 Proinsulin, N-(N-(N(2)-L-alanyl-L-glutaminyl)-L-alanyl)  *Proinsulin. Hoppe Seylers Z Physiol Chem 360(9):1363;1979

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Sources: NLM Medical Subject Headings, NIH UMLS, Drugs@FDA, FDA AERS original data copyright United States Government. No endorsement implied. Last modified 6/6/2012
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